Ines O'Donovan, PhD

Guest Profile

Can Leadership Capacity Keep Up With AI?

Dr. Ines O'Donovan, PhD

The Leadership & Longevity Futurist · Creator of Bio-Optimized Leadership™ · PhD in Leadership
Founder of Jeunessima, the first longevity magazine for women · Stanford AI Longevity Futurist Course · 9 years of Oura data · 15 years in longevity

Leadership Capacity AI & Decision Load Burnout Biological Capacity Nervous System Longevity Futurism

About Ines

Dr. Ines O'Donovan, PhD, is the Leadership & Longevity Futurist and creator of Bio-Optimized Leadership™. She has spent 15 years at the intersection of biology, leadership, and performance — long before anyone was talking about it. Alongside a string of wellness businesses, she ran leadership programs for women across Europe, served as Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching while completing her PhD, and went on to found the first longevity magazine for women, Jeunessima, which she ran for twelve years.

Her PhD, supervised by stress-management authority Professor Cary Cooper, examined burnout and work engagement in leaders. Then it happened to her. Despite nine years of wearing an Oura Ring, daily meditation, and knowing "exactly what was going on," she overrode her own body's signals. Before her burnout, the ring was tracking about three minutes of deep sleep a night. It took two years before she felt close to herself again.

Today her work explores how longer working lives, AI, and changing demands on human capacity affect judgment, leadership, and organizational performance. The question at the heart of this episode is not simply how much more we can produce — it is whether our capacity to direct, evaluate, and take responsibility can keep up.

An Important Update

This interview was recorded in February 2026 and captures an earlier stage in the development of Bio-Optimized Leadership™. The model has since evolved into:

Drivers → Biological Capacity → Individual, Team, and Organizational Outcomes

Biological Capacity includes cognitive, psychological, and physiological capacity. Biological age is one possible physiological indicator, not the central KPI. The relationships between capacity, leadership, and organizational outcomes are questions to investigate and test, not established causal claims.

Peakspan Podcast Episode 06 — Can Leadership Capacity Keep Up With AI? With Dr. Ines O'Donovan, PhD
EPISODE 06 Listen to the full episode

What You'll Learn

Why knowing about stress doesn't protect you. The exact markers Ines saw and ignored, why Type A high achievers override their own body signals, and what two years of recovery from burnout actually looked like.
How AI may increase decision load. Even when productivity rises, AI can mean more decisions, more context switching, and more results that someone still has to verify and own.
What AI agents did to her own body. Ines's experiment running autonomous AI agents — and how her sleep and resting heart rate shifted within days, before her stress felt any different.
A leader's working patterns set the team's expectations. Why teams feel a leader's stress even when nothing is said — and how a leader's behavior shapes what a team believes is expected.
The "Wisdom Age" advantage. Why accumulated experience is a leadership asset — and why it becomes less useful when people lack the capacity to apply it.
Simple ways to pause and refocus. The daily check-in, the pause before a meeting, and the breathing pattern Ines uses to enter important decisions more deliberately.
Why isolated wellness initiatives aren't enough. What sustainable performance over longer working lives actually requires from leaders and organizations.

Key Takeaways

1
Isolated wellness initiatives don't go far enough. Wellness programs and stress-management courses are "good, but it doesn't go far enough." In this conversation Ines argues that organizations will need to see, day to day, where the capacity of their leaders and teams actually stands — and that the ones who understand this first will act first. (Her model has since moved from biological age to the broader idea of biological capacity — see "An Important Update".)
2
Leaders don't leave their biology at the door. Ines argues that the executive lifestyle takes a measurable physical toll — in the conversation she cites executives being, on average, five to fifteen years biologically older — and that a depleted leader affects far more than their own performance. Ignoring the biology of your people, she says, "is just not logical."
3
Knowing better doesn't protect you. Ines studied burnout academically, trained in stress management under a leading authority, and still burned out. Research suggests Type A high achievers override their own body signals — "we say, no, that can't happen to us. Of course it can."
4
The data was there. She looked past it. She had worn an Oura Ring for nine years, and before her burnout it was tracking about three minutes of deep sleep a night. She kept going. When she finally stopped, she couldn't get out of bed for weeks and briefly lost her words. It took two years before she felt close to herself again.
5
The gap between what leaders say and do is enormous. In a Deloitte study Ines cites, 94% of the C-suite agreed that it's important for executives to be health-savvy — yet 68% admitted they're not taking enough action to safeguard employee and stakeholder health. Meanwhile every dollar invested returns an estimated 2.5 to 3.5 dollars, and depression and anxiety alone account for 12 billion lost working days a year — roughly a trillion dollars in lost productivity.
6
Your nervous system is felt before it's seen. Employees sense when a leader is stressed even if nothing shows outwardly — "a subtle sense of oppressiveness, that something isn't right." A leader who visibly designs their work in a healthy, sustainable way shifts the whole team's attitude, cognitively and behaviorally.
7
AI speeds up the work — and raises the load on the person directing it. Running autonomous agents felt "a little like being in love": constant checking, constant feedback every half-minute, constant context-switching. Within days her resting heart rate rose, even though her stress hadn't consciously changed. "Our bodies simply aren't built for this change of pace."
8
Wisdom Age only works if your capacity keeps up. Chronological age brings experience — a real leadership advantage. But if you're not cognitively sharp enough to apply it, "it doesn't matter how much wisdom you've built up, you can't really use it." Time to travel and reflect is part of the model, not a luxury.
9
N = 1 is enough to start. Track your own data, reflect at the end of each day, and let AI find the patterns — "you basically get a second brain." Find your biggest leverage point, test it, then take what you learn into the organization.
"Even when you know that, you still do it. The high achievers, the people who really get things done, override their own body signals."
"It's also the nervous system that shapes the organization. We know when another person is stressed, even if they say nothing — we just know."
"My signature for the last 25 years has been 'stay young.' You have to fully own what you do."

Episode Chapters

03:26Who Ines O'Donovan Is — From Leadership Programs for Women to the First Longevity Magazine▾
  • Running programs for women in Europe that became the European Professional Women's Network — and noticing that women in their 40s kept arriving with challenges rooted in fear.
  • Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching while completing her PhD: "A PhD alone would have been too boring."
  • Her father, 99, in a nursing home asking "who are all these old people?" — the attitude behind Jeunessima, the longevity magazine she ran for 12 years.
06:19What a Leadership & Longevity Futurist Does — The Bio-Optimized Leadership Model▾
  • Why companies need to understand that longevity has an impact on their organization — and the ones who understand it first will bring it in first.
  • The model she created four years ago and kept in her back pocket for three, until this past year when she moved into measurement and started working with companies.
08:13The Burnout Expert Who Burned Out — 3 Minutes of Deep Sleep a Night▾
  • Trained in stress management under Professor Cary Cooper, a PhD on burnout and engagement — "I knew exactly what was going on. But even when you know that, you still do it."
  • Why Type A high achievers override their own body signals: "We say, no, that can't happen to us. Of course it can."
  • Nine years of wearing an Oura Ring, and before her burnout it was tracking about three minutes of deep sleep a night — while she meditated, did autosuggestion, "did everything."
11:33Knowing vs. Feeling — Why Type A Leaders Catch Burnout Too Late▾
  • Alexandra's hypothesis: you know cognitively exactly what burnout looks like, but you don't know how it feels — so you only recognize it once it's already there.
  • Ines on being analytical and disconnected from her feelings — and the years of work on intuition that followed her PhD.
12:58Two Years to Recover — Sleeping for Weeks and Losing Her Words▾
  • A course with a professor who had been through burnout herself — and the moment Ines realized she was already in it.
  • In the first weeks she couldn't get out of bed: "My body was like, oh, finally, why didn't you do this before?"
  • Suddenly she couldn't find her words. A month, a quarter, half a year, a year — and why it took two years before she felt close to herself again.
15:22Why Wellness Programs Don't Go Far Enough — Bringing Biology Into Leadership▾
  • Wellness programs and stress-management courses: "good, but it doesn't go far enough when it comes to biology."
  • The Deloitte gap: 94% of the C-suite agreed it's important for executives to be health-savvy, yet 68% admitted they're not taking enough action to safeguard employee and stakeholder health. Every dollar invested returns an estimated 2.5 to 3.5 dollars.
  • An aging workforce, rising retirement ages, not enough young talent — and now AI on top. Executives end up 5–15 years biologically older, and it cascades into their teams. "It's just not logical" to ignore it.
18:53The "Wisdom Age" — Why Experience Only Counts If Your Capacity Keeps Pace▾
  • Ines points to early data suggesting a link between biological age, creativity, and performance.
  • Chronological age is a leadership advantage, but "if you're not cognitively sharp enough to apply that wisdom, you can't really use it."
  • A CEO client whose self-understanding changes how she sees her team — and why time to travel and reflect is part of the model, not a luxury.
21:0112 Billion Lost Working Days — The Invisible Cost of Stress▾
  • Sophie on Reed Hastings and why a leader's downtime is a role-model act, not a perk — especially in the age of AI.
  • WHO figures: depression and anxiety alone cost 12 billion working days a year, roughly a trillion dollars in productivity. "And that's just the visible side."
22:45Dashboards for Biology — and the N = 1 Path to Get There▾
  • Why the future needs daily dashboards that show, based on biomarkers, where every person stands today.
  • Her vision: 1 million leaders, 10 extra high-performance years each, and $2.4+ trillion in business value within two decades — and the path there starts with measuring yourself.
  • "You track your own data, then you let an AI analyze it. You basically get a second brain." Reflect at the end of each day, feed it to AI, find your biggest leverage point — then take it into the organization.
26:22Peak Span — The Concept That Named This Podcast▾
  • How Ines's work inspired the name Peakspan — and why she loves the term.
  • Look at your life as a graph and stay at 90% or more of your best capacity: "That should be the orientation we give ourselves."
28:20AI Is an Inflection Point for Human Capacity — Why Leaders Can't Wait▾
  • Most executives are still asking "what can AI take off our plate?" — and almost none are asking what it does to their biology.
  • This year AI, next year robotics: "They're destroying more future value the longer they wait." Training employees on AI tools isn't enough.
  • Running AI agents yourself: "It's genuinely addictive." Give it a name and it has a personality, almost a soul — and you want to check on it constantly.
31:12What the Agents Did to Her Body — Heart Rate Up Within Days▾
  • Exhausted without feeling stressed: sleep deteriorated and resting heart rate rose within days — "even though my stress hadn't consciously changed." Like being in love: you want to check on it all the time.
  • The tell: she'd skipped meditation for the first time in months.
  • The Harvard Business Review study on AI agents at work: more engaged, more productive, no capacity left for anything else — and biology not measured at all.
34:44Why Our Bodies Aren't Built for This Pace▾
  • Feedback every half-minute, several projects at once, constant context-switching — and the compulsion to respond immediately.
  • Every employee who was never a team lead is suddenly a manager with "the potential of many people."
  • "We simply haven't had anything like this before in history."
37:26The Leader's Nervous System Shapes the Organization▾
  • "We know when another person is stressed, even if they say nothing." Teams feel a leader's stress as a subtle sense of oppressiveness.
  • Ines's PhD model: engagement runs from attitude, through cognitive and mental engagement, into behavior — and from there into performance.
  • When a leader visibly designs their work in a healthy, sustainable way, teams notice — cognitively and behaviorally.
40:07Practical Tools — The Daily Biological Check-In and 4-7-8 Breathing▾
  • "Pause." Ask every day: what's going on biologically for me today? Bad sleep, low HRV, foggy brain — acknowledge it, then decide.
  • Before a meeting: close your eyes, lean back, breathe. Box breathing (4-4-4-4) or 4-7-8 / 4-7-11.
  • With AI: ask what outcome you actually want, and focus on that instead of "scattered and everywhere."
43:00How to Reach Ines — and What "Peak" Means to Her▾
  • LinkedIn is the easiest way — send her a DM.
  • Her closing answer: "My signature for the last 25 years has been 'stay young.' I learned that early on, back when I was with Microsoft. You have to fully own what you do."

Disclaimer

Medical disclaimer. The information in this episode is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making decisions about your health.

Recording date. This conversation was recorded in February 2026. Ines's model and positioning have evolved since — see "An Important Update" above.

Statistics. Figures quoted in this episode are as cited by the guest in conversation. Where a published source could be identified, it is linked under Research & Concepts.

At a Glance

Ines's vision
1M
Leaders
10 yrs
Extra high-performance years each
$2.4T+
In business value within two decades
Cited in the episode
94%
Of the C-suite agree it's important for executives to be health-savvy (Deloitte)
$1T
Lost productivity a year from depression & anxiety (WHO)

Her father lived to 99 — and until the end, he thought of himself as young.

Ines's Personal Protocol

💍
Oura Ring — 9 Years of Data
One of the earliest users. Deep sleep, HRV, and resting heart rate are her early-warning system — "people who don't measure this can't catch it, it's very subtle"
🧘
Daily Meditation — Non-Negotiable
The day she noticed her AI-agent stress spike was the first day in months she'd skipped it. That was the signal
🌬️
Breathing Before Meetings
Close your eyes, lean back, four breaths. Box breathing (4 in, hold 4, 4 out, hold 4) or 4-7-8 / 4-7-11 — inhale 4, hold 7, exhale slowly
🩺
The Daily Biological Check-In
"What's going on biologically for me today?" Bad sleep, low HRV, foggy brain — acknowledge it first, then decide what to do about it
📓
Evening Reflection + AI Pattern Analysis
Record how the day felt, what she wore, whether her brain was functioning — then feed it to AI to surface the biggest leverage points
⏸️
Pause. Then Ask: What Outcome Do I Want?
Especially when working with AI — one clear focus instead of "scattered and everywhere"
✈️
Time to Travel & Reflect
Part of the Wisdom Age, not a luxury. "You can only really know something once you actually consolidate what's happened"

Research & Concepts

Bio-Optimized Leadership™ — Ines's Framework
The episode captures an earlier stage of the model. Today it reads: Drivers → Biological Capacity → Individual, Team, and Organizational Outcomes. Biological Capacity spans cognitive, psychological, and physiological capacity; biological age is one possible physiological indicator, not the central KPI. The links between capacity, leadership, and outcomes are questions to investigate and test.
Explore the model ↗
Burnout–Engagement Continuum
Ines's PhD at Lancaster University (supervised by Professor Cary Cooper) built a holistic model of how leader behaviors shape employee engagement — running from attitude through cognitive and mental engagement into behavior, and from there into performance. It sits on the classic finding that burnout and engagement are opposite ends of one continuum (Maslach, Schaufeli & Leiter, 2001, Annual Review of Psychology).
Read the study ↗
Deloitte — The C-Suite's Role in Well-Being (2022)
Survey of 2,100 people (1,050 C-suite leaders and 1,050 employees) across the US, UK, Canada, and Australia. 94% of the C-suite agreed that it's important for executives to be health-savvy — yet 68% also admitted that they're not taking enough action to safeguard employee and stakeholder health. What they say and what they do are two different things.
Read the study ↗
WHO — Mental Health at Work (2022)
According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 12 billion working days are lost every year to depression and anxiety, costing US$1 trillion in lost productivity — and that's only the visible side. Presenteeism is the hidden one.
Read the WHO fact sheet ↗
Type A Personalities Suppress Their Body's Signals
Research suggests high achievers override their own body signals. In the classic experiment by Carver, Coleman & Glass (1976, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology), Type A participants worked closer to their physical maximum on a treadmill yet reported less fatigue than Type Bs — suppressing what their bodies were telling them.
Read the study ↗
HBR — "AI Doesn't Reduce Work, It Intensifies It" (2026)
Ranganathan & Ye followed ~200 workers at a US tech company for eight months. Employees using AI worked at a faster pace, took on more, and extended work into more hours — often unasked — until the early productivity surge gave way to cognitive fatigue and burnout. The biological impact wasn't measured. Ines wants that tracked every year.
Read the article ↗
Peakspan — The Paper That Named This Podcast
Zhavoronkov, Ying & Wilczok (2026, Aging and Disease) define Peakspan as the years in which you maintain at least 90% of your peak functional performance — arguing that healthspan alone misses the long "healthy but declined" stretch after our 20s. Ines: "That should be the orientation we give ourselves."
Read the paper ↗